From Lee Smolins “No New Einstein” in Physics Today
It is easy to write many papers when you continue to apply well-understood techniques. People who develop their own ideas have to work harder for each result, because they are simultaneously developing new ideas and the technique to explain them. Hence they often publish fewer papers, and their papers are cited less frequently than those that contribute to something hundreds of people are doing…
Sometimes it it is asserted that more independent and creative thinkers constitute a greater risk in hiring. But I think an examination of the careers of individual physicists shows that on the whole the opposite is true. It is the creative and independent thinkers who are more likely to make important contributions throughout their lifetime. They are driven by their own curiosity and need for understanding, rather than by career motives.
He goes on to propose changes in hiring and promotion practices to support “creative and independent” thinkers for the advancement of physics. I agree with the first paragraph whole-heartedly. I have ranted before about the broken systems of scientific publication and promotion, and suggested solutions (that don’t have a chance, because publication is a big business).
The latter sentence, although I consider myself one “driven by their own curiosity,” I’m not as enthusiastic about. It is assuming the goal of institutions is to advance physics. This does not describe any university I have been to. Their goal is to raise money, attract students, and climb the diabolical US News rankings. Career-minded scientists, sticking close to well-established fields with a funding track record, are more likely to meet these goals. First of all, he is targeting the wrong audience: he should be targeting the awarding practices of funding agencies, not the hiring practices of academic departments.
In that vein, is it reasonable to ask the public to fund independent, creative research to advance our understanding of the world? It’s easy to argue fundamental physics has already long outstripped our ability to apply it. If the justification for using public funds for science it to reap societal benefits, then it is precisely the sort of well-established techniques that should be funded, as they are applied to technological problems.
Of course, a good deal of public money is also spent on funding highbrow arts, despite the lack of any evidence this has the least bit of benefit for society. But that’s a different rant.